Author
Franciszek Morawski 1783-1861

He was born in Pudliszki on the 2nd of April, 1783. He studied law in Frankfurt where he also worked as a novice in the court. Following his return to Poland, he managed the estates of Kotwieck and Lubonia. In 1806 he joined Napoleon’s Polish Guard of Honour and then served in the infantry the Duchy of Warsaw. He took part in the successive Napoleonic campaigns; after the siege of Kolberg in 1807 he received the Knight’s Cross of the War Order Virtuti Militari, and after the battle of Leipzig, in 1813, was awarded the Gold Officer’s Cross of the Legion of Honour. He was also promoted several times: in 1813-1814 he was the Chief of Polish General Staff. From 1815 on, he served in the army of Congress Poland, being promoted to Brigadier-General in 1819. In 1820-1826 Morawski commanded the 3rd Brigade of the 2nd Infantry Division in Zamość, and from 1826 – the 1st Brigade of the same Division in Lublin. Tsar Nicholas I conferred upon him the Order of Saint Stanislaus (1st class). Morawski combined his military career with literary production: he joined the ‘X’s Society’ (1815-1819), and the Society of Friends of Learning (in 1819). After the outbreak of November Uprising, he sided with the insurgents and collaborated with the Kalisz Opposition. He was nominated to the post of the intendant general of the insurgent army. From the 8th of March to the 11th of September he was also the Minister of War of the rebel government, but resigned in protest against the negotiations with Russia in which he, however, took part. After the fall of the uprising, he swore an oath of allegiance to Tsar Nicholas I. He was sent into exile to Vologda, from where he returned in 1833 and settled down in Lubonia, near Leszno. From then on, he dedicated himself to his literary production and management of the estate. He died in Lubonia on the 12th of December 1861.

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